Tx bits
Author: A | 2025-04-24
867/4 Z TORX bits, TX 10 x 89 mm Bits for TORX Screws TX 15 50 2 4.0 TX 15 70 2 3/4 4.0 TX 15 89 3 1/2 4.0 TX 15 152 6 5-Lobe Pin TX Security Screwdriver Drill Bits. Security 5-Lobe Pin TX drill bits are similar to Pin TX bits, but feature 5 lobes instead of 6. This design is less common and so offer a higher
Amazon.co.uk: Tx Bits
48-TX-50 Apex Torx Power Drive Bits are manufactured using a proprietary steel and heat treat process that yields greater strength and a longer bit life. The cutting-edge machining process used to manufacture 48-TX-50 Apex Torx Power Drive Bits results in tighter tolerances, superior product consistency and a better and more consistent fit to fasteners leading to better torque transfer.48-TX-50 Apex Torx Power Drive Bits are recognized as the industry leader in screwdriver tooling throughout the aviation industry as well as automotive, heavy industry or anywhere quality tooling products are required. If you have invested money in quality tools, you need to know that your 48-TX-50 Apex Torx Power Drive Bits will deliver the performance you require of them. Apex manufactures Torx Bits for the aerospace, automotive and other industries where reliability is key. Day in and day out, you will find 48-TX-50 Apex Torx Power Drive Bits hard at work in some of the worlds busiest manufacturing facilities.Apex Fastener Tools Catalog Page: 11 LACP.Verify if LACP is working:On the switch we should first verify if LACP protocol is enabled and running: Intelligent Switch : LACP Port State Active Configuration ================== Port State Activity Port State Activity --------------------------- --------------------------- 2 Active 4 ActiveAfter that we can ensure that LACP negotiated with our router. If you don't see both ports on the list then something is wrong and LACP is not going to work. Intelligent Switch : LACP Group Status ================== Group [Actor] [Partner] Priority: 1 65535 MAC : 000E2E2206A9 000C42409426 Port_No Key Priority Active Port_No Key Priority 2 513 1 selected 1 9 255 4 513 1 selected 2 9 255After we verified that switch successfully negotiated LACP with our router, we can start traffic from Client1 and Client2 to the Server and check how traffic is evenly forwarded through both bonding slaves:[admin@test-host] /interface> monitor-traffic ether1,ether2,bonding1 rx-packets-per-second: 8158 8120 16278 rx-drops-per-second: 0 0 0 rx-errors-per-second: 0 0 0 rx-bits-per-second: 98.8Mbps 98.2Mbps 197.0Mbps tx-packets-per-second: 4833 4560 9394 tx-drops-per-second: 0 0 0 tx-errors-per-second: 0 0 0 tx-bits-per-second: 2.7Mbps 3.0Mbps 5.8MbpsNote: On some switches you need to set correct link aggregation protocol, to make balancing work in both directions balance-rrIf this mode is set, packets are transmitted in sequential order from the first available slave to the last.Balance-rr is the only mode that will send packets across multiple interfaces that belong to the same TCP/IP connection. When utilizing multiple sending and multiple receiving links, packets are often received out of order, which result in segment retransmission, for other protocols such as UDP it is not a problem if client software can tolerate out-of-order packets.If switch is used to aggregate links together, then appropriate switch port configuration is required, however many switches do not support balance-rr. Quick setup guide demonstrates use of the balance-rr bonding mode. As you can see, it is quite simple to set up. Balance-rr is also useful for bonding several wireless links, however it requires equal bandwidth for all bonded links. If bandwidth of one bonded link drops, then total bandwidth of bond will be equal to the bandwidth of the slowest bonded link.active-backupThis mode uses only one active slave to transmit packets. The additional slave only becomes active if the primary slave fails. The MAC address of the bonding interface is presented onto the active port to avoid confusing the switch.Active-backup is the best choice in high availability setups with multiple switches thatTX Text Control 32-bit and 64-bit Edition - TX Text Control
As of June 15, 2022, this site no longer supports Internet Explorer. Please use another browser for the best experience on our site. Solution for --> Our NPort device servers make your serial devices network-ready in an instant. Their compact size makes them ideal for connecting devices such as card readers and payment terminals to an IP-based Ethernet LAN. NPort 5150A NPort 5100A Series 1-port RS-232/422/485 device server, 0 to 60°C operating temperature Ethernet Interface 10/100BaseT(X) Ports (RJ45 connector) 1 Magnetic Isolation Protection 1.5 kV (built-in) Ethernet Software Features Configuration Options Serial Console Management DHCP Client ARP BOOTP DNS HTTP HTTPS ICMP IPv4 LLDP SMTP SNMPv1/v2c TCP/IP Telnet UDP Filter IGMP v1/v2 Windows Real COM Drivers Windows 11, 10, 8.1, 8, 7, Vista, XP, ME, 98, and 95Windows Server 2022, 2019, 2016, 2012 R2, 2012, 2008 R2, 2008, 2003, 2000, and NTWindows Embedded CE 6.0 and 5.0, Windows XP Embedded Linux Real TTY Drivers Kernel versions: 6.x, 5.x, 4.x, 3.x, 2.6.x, and 2.4.x Fixed TTY Drivers macOS versions: 14, 13, 12, 11, and 10.1x SCO UNIX, SCO OpenServer, UnixWare 7, QNX 4.25, QNX 6, Solaris 10, FreeBSD, AIX 5.x, HP-UX 11i, Mac OS X Arm®-based Platform Support Windows 11Linux kernel 6.x, 5.x, and 4.xmacOS 14, 13, 12, and 11 Virtual Machine VMWare ESXi (Windows 11/10)VMware Fusion (Windows on macOS 14, 13, 12, 11, and 10.1x)Parallels Desktop (Windows on macOS 14, 13, 12, 11, and 10.1x) Android API Android 3.1.x and later MIB RFC1213, RFC1317 Security Functions Authentication Local database Encryption HTTPS AES-128 SHA-1 RSA-1024 SHA-256 Security Protocols HTTPS (TLS 1.2) Serial Interface Connector DB9 male No. of Ports 1 Serial Standards RS-232 RS-422 RS-485 Operation Modes Disabled Ethernet Modem Pair Connection Real COM Reverse Telnet RFC2217 TCP Client TCP Server UDP Baudrate Supports standard baudrates (unit=bps): 50, 75, 110, 134, 150, 300, 600, 1200, 1800, 2400, 4800, 7200, 9600, 19200, 38400, 57600, 115200, 230.4k, 460.8k, 921.6k Data Bits 5, 6, 7, 8 Stop Bits 1, 1.5, 2 Parity None, Even, Odd, Space, Mark Flow Control RTS/CTS (RS-232 only) DTR/DSR (RS-232 only) XON/XOFF Pull High/Low Resistor for RS-485 1 kilo-ohm, 150 kilo-ohms RS-485 Data Direction Control ADDC (automatic data direction control) Terminator for RS-485 120 ohms Serial Signals RS-232 TxD, RxD, RTS, CTS, DTR, DSR, DCD, GND RS-422 Tx+, Tx-, Rx+, Rx-, GND RS-485-4w Tx+, Tx-, Rx+, Rx-, GND RS-485-2w Data+, Data-, GND Power Parameters No. of Power Inputs 1 Input Current 92.4 mA @ 12 VDC Input Voltage 12 to 48 VDC Source of Input Power Power input jack Reliability Automatic Reboot Trigger Built-in WDT Physical Characteristics Housing Metal Dimensions (with ears) 75.2 x 80 x 22 mm (2.96 x 3.15 x 0.87 in) Dimensions (without ears) 52 x 80. 867/4 Z TORX bits, TX 10 x 89 mm Bits for TORX Screws TX 15 50 2 4.0 TX 15 70 2 3/4 4.0 TX 15 89 3 1/2 4.0 TX 15 152 6 5-Lobe Pin TX Security Screwdriver Drill Bits. Security 5-Lobe Pin TX drill bits are similar to Pin TX bits, but feature 5 lobes instead of 6. This design is less common and so offer a higherAmazon.com: Teng Tools: TX Bits
Report:[ ID] Interval Transfer Bandwidth Jitter Lost/Total Datagrams[ 3] 0.0-10.0 sec 1.11 MBytes 933 Kbits/sec 0.134 ms 1294/19533 (6.6%)To find the total packet size, add 28 bytes to the datagram size for UDP+IP headers. For instance, setting 64-byte datagrams causes iperf to send 92-byte packets. Exceeding the MTU can produce even more interesting results, as packets are fragmented.iperf provides final throughput results at the end of each test. However, I sometimes find it handy to get results as the test is running, or to report on packets/second. That’s when I use bwm-ng.Try opening two more terminals, one each to the client and server. In each, start bwm-ng.root@client:~# bwm-ng -u bits -t 1000 bwm-ng v0.6 (probing every 1.000s), press 'h' for help input: /proc/net/dev type: rate | iface Rx Tx Total ============================================================================== lo: 0.00 Kb/s 0.00 Kb/s 0.00 Kb/s eth0: 0.00 Kb/s 1017.34 Kb/s 1017.34 Kb/s eth1: 0.00 Kb/s 0.00 Kb/s 0.00 Kb/s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ total: 0.00 Kb/s 1017.34 Kb/s 1017.34 Kb/sBy default, bwm-ng shows bytes/second. Press ‘u’ to cycle through bytes, bits, packets, and errors per second. Press ‘+’ or ‘-‘ to change the refresh time. I find that 1 or 2 seconds produces more accurate results on some hardware. Press ‘h’ for handy in-line help.Now, start the same iperf tests. Any packet losses will be immediately apparent, as the throughput measurements won’t match. The client will show 1 mbit in the Tx column, while the server will show a lower number in the Rx column.However, bwm-ng will not differentiate between traffic from iperf and other traffic at the same time. When that happens, it is still useful to use the packets/sec display to find the maximum packet throughput limits of your hardware.One warning to those who want to test TCP throughput with iperf: you cannot specify the data rate. Instead, iperf in TCP mode will scale up the data rate until it finds the maximum safe window size. For low-latency links, this is generally 85% of the true channel bandwidth as measured by UDP tests. However, as latency increases, TCP bandwidth decreases. Register. This process is often done in an interrupt service routine (ISR), which is triggered when new data is received.Can You use USART to communicate between a microcontroller and a computer?Yes, you can use USART to communicate between a microcontroller and a computer. Many microcontrollers have a USART interface, and many computers have a USB-to-serial converter that allows them to communicate using USART. You’ll need to write software on both the microcontroller and the computer to handle the USART communication.How does a USART break character work?A USART break character is a special character that’s used to signal an error or special condition. It’s transmitted as a frame of all zero bits, which is not a valid data frame, so the receiver knows that it’s a break character. This can be useful for signaling the start of a new data sequence or for error handling.How does data framing work in USART?Data framing in USART involves wrapping the actual data bits with additional bits that help with synchronization and error detection. A frame usually includes a start bit, one or more stop bits, and sometimes a parity bit. The start bit signals the start of a new frame, the stop bits signal the end, and the parity bit can be used for error detection.Can You send binary data over USART?Yes, you can send binary data over USART. The data needs to be formatted into frames according to the USART protocol, with start and stop bits and possibly a parity bit. Each byte of binary data is sent as a separate frame.Can USART handle full-duplex communication?Yes, USART can handle full-duplex communication, which means that it can send and receive data at the same time. This is because it has separate lines for transmitting and receiving data (TX and RX). This allows for more efficient communication than half-duplex communication, which can only send or receive at any one time.What’s the difference between a USART interrupt and a USART event?A USART interrupt is a signal to the microcontroller that it needs to stop what it’s doing and handle the USART data. A USART event, on the other hand, is a change in the state of the USART hardware, such as the arrival of new data. An event can trigger an interrupt, but not all events do, depending on the microcontroller’s settings.Can You use USART with a Raspberry Pi?Yes, you can use USART with a Raspberry65 mm TX Screwdriver Bits
DescripciónEl adaptador interfaz USB serial FT232RL permite comunicarte a través del puerto USB de tu PC con la UART (Universal Asynchronous Transmitter Receiver) de un microcontrolador, arduino, GPS o cualquier otro dispositivo que tenga este tipo de interfaz. Usualmente la interfaz UART se emplea para la descarga de programas (mediante bootloader), para la configuración de los parámetros de operación en equipos electrónicos, o como interfaz para mensajes de depuración en sistemas embebidos. Por lo tanto, este adaptador es ideal para todos los estudiantes e ingenieros que trabajan con microcontroladores y tarjetas electrónicas.Las ventajas del adaptador interfaz USB serial FT232RL es que puede utilizarse con sistemas electrónicos cuyo funcionamiento es a 5 y 3.3 volts, pudiendo seleccionar el voltaje de las señales correspondientes mediante un jumper.Este adaptador interfaz USB serial FT232RL dispone de las señales requeridas por las placas arduino para el reset automático, por lo que no será necesario resetear las placas de forma manual cuando se carga un programa mediante bootloader.Datos TécnicosVoltaje de Operación: 5 volts.Puede obtener acceso a señales GND, CTS, VCC, TX, RX y DTR.El protocolo es manejado por entero en el chip, no se requiere programación de firmware específica para USB.La interfaz UART soporta 7 u 8 bits de datos, 1 ó 2 bits de parada, y paridad par/impar/marca/espacio/sin paridadOperación a 3.3 V o 5 V configurable mediante jumperUSB 2.0 Full speedBuffer de recepción de 128 Bytes y de transmisión de 256 bytesDrivers gratuitos, eliminan la necesidad de desarrollar drivers para la aplicación.LED indicador de señal de transmisión y recepción Reseñas de producto (0)TX Bits 75mm TX20 1
Parity bit that is used for error detection. If a parity bit is present, the receiving hardware can use it's value to detect a problem in the transmission. The parity bit is computed by XORing the bits of the data word. That will be the value of the parity bit if even parity is specified. The value for odd parity is that result inverted. Like the baud rate, word size and parity have to be agreed upon.The line is usually held high, and transmission of a word begins with it going low for a bit's worth of time. Then it's followed by the data bits, possibly a parity bit, and a double width stop "bit".Serial I/O takes a minimum of 3 wires: transmit (Tx), receive (Rx), and ground. More lines can be used to coordinate communication. Back in the day serial was one of the staple communication methods between devices. Modems which allowed data communication over the telephone system (anyone see the movie WarGames or the show Halt and Catch Fire) were serial in nature. The front panel of a Hayes 1200 baud modem. The rear panel of a Hayes modem. The "RS 232C" connector is the serial interface. Printers were often serial as well. While parallel printer interfaces were common with home computers, larger installations had their printers some distance from the computer, and serial interfaces were much better at handling longer cables. Terminals (keyboard and display) were serial. Even these days MCUs will pretty much always have serial. 867/4 Z TORX bits, TX 10 x 89 mm Bits for TORX Screws TX 15 50 2 4.0 TX 15 70 2 3/4 4.0 TX 15 89 3 1/2 4.0 TX 15 152 6 5-Lobe Pin TX Security Screwdriver Drill Bits. Security 5-Lobe Pin TX drill bits are similar to Pin TX bits, but feature 5 lobes instead of 6. This design is less common and so offer a higherBITS Computer Repair in Bastrop, TX -
R$ 5.506,83O Scanner Fujitsu Fi-8170 Duplex A4 70ppm Rede – PA03810-B051i representa uma solução avançada para ambientes empresariais que demandam alto desempenho na digitalização de documentos, esse scanner destaca-se por suas capacidades rápidas, versatilidade e recursos avançados. O Fi-8170 é um scanner duplex A4, o que significa que é capaz de digitalizar ambos os lados de uma folha simultaneamente. Com uma velocidade impressionante de até 70 páginas por minuto, esse scanner é particularmente eficazEspecificações TécnicasDescriçãoScanner Fujitsu Fi-8170 Duplex A4 70ppm Rede PA03810-B051iFabricanteFujitsuSKUPA03810-B051iEAN4939761312106Tipo de scanner:ADF (Alimentador Automático de Documentos) e Alimentação Manual e DuplexVelocidade de digitalização:Simplex: 70 ppm (200/300 dpi) – Duplex;; ;140 ipm (200/300 dpi)Tipo de sensor de imagem:2x CEI (1x frente, 1x verso)Fonte de luz:2x LED RGB (1x frente, 1x verso)Resolução óptica:600 dpiResolução de Saída:50 a 600 dpiFormato de saída:Cor: 24 bits, Tons de cinza: 8 bits, Monocromático: 1 bitCores de fundo:Branco ou Preto (selecionável)Tamanho do documento:Máximo: 215,9 x 355,6 mm – Mínimo: 48 x 50 mm – Digitalização de página longa: 6.096 mmPeso do papel:Papel: 20 a 465 g/m², Livreto: menos de 7 mm, Cartão de plástico: menos de 1,4 mmCapacidade ADF:100 folhas (A4 80 g/m²)Volume Diário Esperado:10.000 folhasDetecção de alimentação múltipla:Detecção de sobreposição (sensor ultrassônico), detecção de comprimentoProteção de papel:Monitoramento de imagem, detecção de som (iSOP)Interface:USB 3.2 Gen1x1 inferiores e Ethernet;; ;10BASE-T, 100BASE-TX, 1000BASE-TRequerimentos poderosos:CA 100V – 240V (50/60 Hz)Consumo de energia:Modo operacional: 28 W ou menos, Modo Eco: 17 W, Modo dormir: 2,0 W (LAN) e 1,4 W (USB), Modo de espera automática (desligado): 0,2 WTemperaturaComments
48-TX-50 Apex Torx Power Drive Bits are manufactured using a proprietary steel and heat treat process that yields greater strength and a longer bit life. The cutting-edge machining process used to manufacture 48-TX-50 Apex Torx Power Drive Bits results in tighter tolerances, superior product consistency and a better and more consistent fit to fasteners leading to better torque transfer.48-TX-50 Apex Torx Power Drive Bits are recognized as the industry leader in screwdriver tooling throughout the aviation industry as well as automotive, heavy industry or anywhere quality tooling products are required. If you have invested money in quality tools, you need to know that your 48-TX-50 Apex Torx Power Drive Bits will deliver the performance you require of them. Apex manufactures Torx Bits for the aerospace, automotive and other industries where reliability is key. Day in and day out, you will find 48-TX-50 Apex Torx Power Drive Bits hard at work in some of the worlds busiest manufacturing facilities.Apex Fastener Tools Catalog Page: 11
2025-04-14LACP.Verify if LACP is working:On the switch we should first verify if LACP protocol is enabled and running: Intelligent Switch : LACP Port State Active Configuration ================== Port State Activity Port State Activity --------------------------- --------------------------- 2 Active 4 ActiveAfter that we can ensure that LACP negotiated with our router. If you don't see both ports on the list then something is wrong and LACP is not going to work. Intelligent Switch : LACP Group Status ================== Group [Actor] [Partner] Priority: 1 65535 MAC : 000E2E2206A9 000C42409426 Port_No Key Priority Active Port_No Key Priority 2 513 1 selected 1 9 255 4 513 1 selected 2 9 255After we verified that switch successfully negotiated LACP with our router, we can start traffic from Client1 and Client2 to the Server and check how traffic is evenly forwarded through both bonding slaves:[admin@test-host] /interface> monitor-traffic ether1,ether2,bonding1 rx-packets-per-second: 8158 8120 16278 rx-drops-per-second: 0 0 0 rx-errors-per-second: 0 0 0 rx-bits-per-second: 98.8Mbps 98.2Mbps 197.0Mbps tx-packets-per-second: 4833 4560 9394 tx-drops-per-second: 0 0 0 tx-errors-per-second: 0 0 0 tx-bits-per-second: 2.7Mbps 3.0Mbps 5.8MbpsNote: On some switches you need to set correct link aggregation protocol, to make balancing work in both directions balance-rrIf this mode is set, packets are transmitted in sequential order from the first available slave to the last.Balance-rr is the only mode that will send packets across multiple interfaces that belong to the same TCP/IP connection. When utilizing multiple sending and multiple receiving links, packets are often received out of order, which result in segment retransmission, for other protocols such as UDP it is not a problem if client software can tolerate out-of-order packets.If switch is used to aggregate links together, then appropriate switch port configuration is required, however many switches do not support balance-rr. Quick setup guide demonstrates use of the balance-rr bonding mode. As you can see, it is quite simple to set up. Balance-rr is also useful for bonding several wireless links, however it requires equal bandwidth for all bonded links. If bandwidth of one bonded link drops, then total bandwidth of bond will be equal to the bandwidth of the slowest bonded link.active-backupThis mode uses only one active slave to transmit packets. The additional slave only becomes active if the primary slave fails. The MAC address of the bonding interface is presented onto the active port to avoid confusing the switch.Active-backup is the best choice in high availability setups with multiple switches that
2025-04-12As of June 15, 2022, this site no longer supports Internet Explorer. Please use another browser for the best experience on our site. Solution for --> Our NPort device servers make your serial devices network-ready in an instant. Their compact size makes them ideal for connecting devices such as card readers and payment terminals to an IP-based Ethernet LAN. NPort 5150A NPort 5100A Series 1-port RS-232/422/485 device server, 0 to 60°C operating temperature Ethernet Interface 10/100BaseT(X) Ports (RJ45 connector) 1 Magnetic Isolation Protection 1.5 kV (built-in) Ethernet Software Features Configuration Options Serial Console Management DHCP Client ARP BOOTP DNS HTTP HTTPS ICMP IPv4 LLDP SMTP SNMPv1/v2c TCP/IP Telnet UDP Filter IGMP v1/v2 Windows Real COM Drivers Windows 11, 10, 8.1, 8, 7, Vista, XP, ME, 98, and 95Windows Server 2022, 2019, 2016, 2012 R2, 2012, 2008 R2, 2008, 2003, 2000, and NTWindows Embedded CE 6.0 and 5.0, Windows XP Embedded Linux Real TTY Drivers Kernel versions: 6.x, 5.x, 4.x, 3.x, 2.6.x, and 2.4.x Fixed TTY Drivers macOS versions: 14, 13, 12, 11, and 10.1x SCO UNIX, SCO OpenServer, UnixWare 7, QNX 4.25, QNX 6, Solaris 10, FreeBSD, AIX 5.x, HP-UX 11i, Mac OS X Arm®-based Platform Support Windows 11Linux kernel 6.x, 5.x, and 4.xmacOS 14, 13, 12, and 11 Virtual Machine VMWare ESXi (Windows 11/10)VMware Fusion (Windows on macOS 14, 13, 12, 11, and 10.1x)Parallels Desktop (Windows on macOS 14, 13, 12, 11, and 10.1x) Android API Android 3.1.x and later MIB RFC1213, RFC1317 Security Functions Authentication Local database Encryption HTTPS AES-128 SHA-1 RSA-1024 SHA-256 Security Protocols HTTPS (TLS 1.2) Serial Interface Connector DB9 male No. of Ports 1 Serial Standards RS-232 RS-422 RS-485 Operation Modes Disabled Ethernet Modem Pair Connection Real COM Reverse Telnet RFC2217 TCP Client TCP Server UDP Baudrate Supports standard baudrates (unit=bps): 50, 75, 110, 134, 150, 300, 600, 1200, 1800, 2400, 4800, 7200, 9600, 19200, 38400, 57600, 115200, 230.4k, 460.8k, 921.6k Data Bits 5, 6, 7, 8 Stop Bits 1, 1.5, 2 Parity None, Even, Odd, Space, Mark Flow Control RTS/CTS (RS-232 only) DTR/DSR (RS-232 only) XON/XOFF Pull High/Low Resistor for RS-485 1 kilo-ohm, 150 kilo-ohms RS-485 Data Direction Control ADDC (automatic data direction control) Terminator for RS-485 120 ohms Serial Signals RS-232 TxD, RxD, RTS, CTS, DTR, DSR, DCD, GND RS-422 Tx+, Tx-, Rx+, Rx-, GND RS-485-4w Tx+, Tx-, Rx+, Rx-, GND RS-485-2w Data+, Data-, GND Power Parameters No. of Power Inputs 1 Input Current 92.4 mA @ 12 VDC Input Voltage 12 to 48 VDC Source of Input Power Power input jack Reliability Automatic Reboot Trigger Built-in WDT Physical Characteristics Housing Metal Dimensions (with ears) 75.2 x 80 x 22 mm (2.96 x 3.15 x 0.87 in) Dimensions (without ears) 52 x 80
2025-04-22Report:[ ID] Interval Transfer Bandwidth Jitter Lost/Total Datagrams[ 3] 0.0-10.0 sec 1.11 MBytes 933 Kbits/sec 0.134 ms 1294/19533 (6.6%)To find the total packet size, add 28 bytes to the datagram size for UDP+IP headers. For instance, setting 64-byte datagrams causes iperf to send 92-byte packets. Exceeding the MTU can produce even more interesting results, as packets are fragmented.iperf provides final throughput results at the end of each test. However, I sometimes find it handy to get results as the test is running, or to report on packets/second. That’s when I use bwm-ng.Try opening two more terminals, one each to the client and server. In each, start bwm-ng.root@client:~# bwm-ng -u bits -t 1000 bwm-ng v0.6 (probing every 1.000s), press 'h' for help input: /proc/net/dev type: rate | iface Rx Tx Total ============================================================================== lo: 0.00 Kb/s 0.00 Kb/s 0.00 Kb/s eth0: 0.00 Kb/s 1017.34 Kb/s 1017.34 Kb/s eth1: 0.00 Kb/s 0.00 Kb/s 0.00 Kb/s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ total: 0.00 Kb/s 1017.34 Kb/s 1017.34 Kb/sBy default, bwm-ng shows bytes/second. Press ‘u’ to cycle through bytes, bits, packets, and errors per second. Press ‘+’ or ‘-‘ to change the refresh time. I find that 1 or 2 seconds produces more accurate results on some hardware. Press ‘h’ for handy in-line help.Now, start the same iperf tests. Any packet losses will be immediately apparent, as the throughput measurements won’t match. The client will show 1 mbit in the Tx column, while the server will show a lower number in the Rx column.However, bwm-ng will not differentiate between traffic from iperf and other traffic at the same time. When that happens, it is still useful to use the packets/sec display to find the maximum packet throughput limits of your hardware.One warning to those who want to test TCP throughput with iperf: you cannot specify the data rate. Instead, iperf in TCP mode will scale up the data rate until it finds the maximum safe window size. For low-latency links, this is generally 85% of the true channel bandwidth as measured by UDP tests. However, as latency increases, TCP bandwidth decreases.
2025-04-07